Osseointegration of titanium with an antimicrobial nanostructured noble metal coating

Nanometer scale surface features on implants and prostheses can potentially be used to enhance osseointegration and may also add further functionalities, such as infection resistance, to the implant. In this study, a nanostructured noble metal coating consisting of palladium, gold and silver, never previously used in bone applications, was applied to machined titanium screws to evaluate osseointegration after 6 and 12 weeks in rabbit tibiae and femurs. Infection resistance was confirmed by in vitro adhesion test. A qualitatively and quantitatively similar in vivo bone response was observed for the coated and uncoated control screws, using histology, histomorphometry and electron microscopy. The bone-implant interface analysis revealed an extensive bone formation and direct bone-implant contact. These results demonstrate that the nanostructured noble metal coating with antimicrobial properties promotes osseointegration and may therefore be used to add extra implant functionality in the form of increased resistance to infection without the use of antibiotics.From the Clinical EditorThe authors of this paper demonstrate that nanostructured noble metal coating of implants and prostheses used in orthopedic procedures promotes osseointegration and may be used to add extra implant functionality in the form of increased resistance to infection without the use of antibiotics.

Graphical AbstractTitanium screws were coated with a nanostructured noble metal coating with potential to reduce implant-related infection in bone. The coating showed 99% reduction of Staphylococcus aureus adhesion in vitro and is presently used on catheters, reducing infection cases with up to 50%. The present study shows that coated screws achieve osseointegration to the same degree as clinically used machined implant controls after 6 and 12 weeks in rabbit bone.Figure optionsDownload high-quality image (79 K)Download as PowerPoint slide