Diagnostic applications of Raman spectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in various fields of science. It has been successfully utilized to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the molecular compositions of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples. This review focuses on the diagnostic applications of Raman spectroscopy in the past 5 years, with specific emphasis on transplant allograft rejection and cancer detections. First we introduce the principle of Raman spectroscopy and associated surface enhancement techniques. Various recent biomedical and clinical applications of Raman spectroscopy are then reviewed in detail. Finally, we present the experimental and analytical techniques required to implement Raman spectroscopy in a laboratory.From the Clinical EditorThis review focuses on evolving diagnostic applications of Raman spectroscopy with special emphasis on transplant allograft rejection and cancer detection.

Graphical AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a powerful tool that has been widely used in both biological and medical sciences. This review presents the fundamental principles, experimental apparatus, analysis methods, and diagnostic applications of Raman spectroscopy. Various surface enhancement techniques that further improve the sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy are also introduced. The figure illustrates the use of Raman spectroscopy for cardiac transplant rejection surveillance.Figure optionsDownload high-quality image (235 K)Download as PowerPoint slide