Three-dimensional analysis of osteophyte formation on distal radius following scaphoid nonunion

The pattern of osteophyte formation in the distal radius determined using three-dimensional computed tomography imaging varied among the different types of scaphoid nonunion (distal extra-articular, distal intra-articular, and proximal). The results of this study are clinically useful in determining whether additional resection of osteophytes or radial styloid is necessary or not during the treatment of the scaphoid nonunion.