Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in hepato-biliary & pancreas cancer surgery - A systematic review: Are we any further than walking up a flight of stairs?

The CPET variable most reported and relevant to morbidity in both liver and pancreas cancer surgery appeared to be AT. A pre-operative AT of approximately 10.5 mL min−1.Kg−1 seems to be associated with a worse post-operative convalescence.