کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
8874898 | 1623205 | 2018 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Yield gap analysis and entry points for improving productivity on large oil palm plantations and smallholder farms in Ghana
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تجزیه و تحلیل شکاف عملکرد و نقاط ورود برای بهبود بهره وری بر روی گیاهان بزرگ نخل و مزارع کوچک مالزی در
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کلمات کلیدی
تجزیه و تحلیل شکاف عملکرد، بهبود زراعت، تجزیه و تحلیل خط مرزی، تشدید پایدار، میزان استخراج نفت،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک
علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی
Oil palm production must increase in Ghana to meet the increasing demand for palm oil and avoid costly imports. Although maximum fruit bunch (FB) yields of >20â¯tâ¯haâ1â¯yrâ1 are achievable, average FB yields in Ghana are only 7â¯tâ¯haâ1â¯yrâ1. Despite the pressing need to increase palm oil production and improve yields, knowledge of the underlying causes of poor yields in Ghana is lacking. Closing yield gaps in existing plantings in smallholdings and plantations offers great opportunities to increase oil production without area expansion, thus sparing land for other uses. This study sought to understand the magnitude and underlying causes of yield gaps in plantation and smallholder oil palm production systems in Ghana based on a detailed characterization of management practices and yield measurements over a two-year period. Using a boundary line analysis, the water-limited yield (Yw) over a planting cycle was defined as about 21â¯tâ¯haâ1â¯yrâ1 FB, with yield gaps of 15.4â¯tâ¯haâ1â¯yrâ1 FB at smallholder farms and 9.8â¯tâ¯haâ1â¯yrâ1 FB at plantations. Poor management practices, including incomplete crop recovery (i.e., harvesting all suitable crop) and inadequate agronomic management were the main factors contributing to these yield gaps. Productivity losses were further exacerbated by low oil extraction rates by small-scale processors of 12% as compared to 21% by the large-scale processors. The potential losses in annual crude palm oil (CPO) during the crop plateau yield phase therefore exceed 5 and 3â¯tâ¯haâ1â¯yrâ1 for small-scale and large-scale production systems respectively. Investment to reduce yield gaps by appropriate agronomic and yield recovery practices across all production systems, while improving access of smallholder producers to more efficient oil palm processing facilities, can make a significant contribution to closing the supply gap for palm oil in Ghana. The impact of such investments on large-scale plantations could result in a doubling of CPO production. Smallholder farmers could benefit the most with a fourteen-fold increase in CPO production and economic gains of >1 billion US$.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Agricultural Systems - Volume 165, September 2018, Pages 14-25
Journal: Agricultural Systems - Volume 165, September 2018, Pages 14-25
نویسندگان
Tiemen Rhebergen, Thomas Fairhurst, Anthony Whitbread, Ken E. Giller, Shamie Zingore,