Biological activity and phytochemical profiles of Dendrobium: A new source for specialty cosmetic materials

Dendrobium is the major tropical orchid cut flower of the global market. This industrial floriculture has been documented as herbal remedies. However, only 40% of the crop is qualitied for commercial. Preparation of the orchid as a specialty cosmetic ingredient is presented. Maceration of the flower in 70% EtOH or water gave feasible yields of extracts. Technical data in terms of total anthocyanin, phenolic and tannin contents, astringency and in vitro antioxidant activities by means of ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays were reported as per enzyme inhibitory effects against aging and hyperpigmentation. Pelargonidin and sinapic and ferulic acids were determined as the major actives. Safety profiles of the 70% EtOH extract was wider than the water fraction as examined in human fibroblasts and B16F10 melanoma. The extracts exhibited antioxidant and pro- and active-form of MMP-2 inhibitory effects in fibroblasts. In addition, their anti-melanogenesis activities in melanoma were proved by tyrosinase and TRP-2 suppressions. The physiochemical profiles and stability of the orchid flower extracts were included. Orchid flower is therefore highlighted as a safe and efficient ingredient potential for skin aging and lightening treatment. Multiple use of orchid flower as the specialty industrial material is encouraged with the information feasible for the industrial practice.