Multi-objective scheduling of electric vehicles intelligent parking lot in the presence of hydrogen storage system under peak load management

Despite various challenges and problems, electric vehicle (EV) technologies have been under real attention to be employed in different fields like power systems. Charge/discharge power of such vehicles can help power network to solve some of common problems available in this field like peak time problems. Also, penetration of these vehicles can help operators to enhance environmental performance of power systems. This paper purposed to determined advantages of EVs in power systems and environmental performance. In this paper, a bi-objective optimization model has been proposed for economic operation and environmental performance of intelligent parking lot (IPL) containing EVs under employment of time-of-use (TOU) rates of demand response program (DRP). To solve such a problem, ε-constraint and fuzzy decision making methods are utilized and results representing efficiency and effectiveness of employed techniques are presented for comparison. Studied sample model in this paper is composed of IPL connected to upstream net, renewable and non-renewable resources and hydrogen storage system. An MIP model has been used to model mentioned bi-objective problem and mentioned model is simulated under GAMS. Obtained results from simulations revealed that due to positive implementation DRP, total emission and operation cost of IPL have been reduced up to 3.99% and 1.83%, respectively. This means that both economic and environmental objectives are satisfied.