Exploratory study of the psychopathological profiles of adolescent cannabis users

Although adolescent cannabis users have been reported not to be a homogeneous group, they are few typological studies and only one based on psychopathological variables. A better knowledge of the typology of cannabis users might contribute to the identification of specific needs concerning prevention or treatment. Among 199 adolescents using cannabis at least monthly during the last six month, cluster analysis yielded three clusters based on depressive symptoms, social anxiety, borderline personality traits, and psychopathic traits (impulsivity and callous-unemotional traits). The largest cluster, called ‘ordinary’ was well below the mean on all measures. Another cluster, labeled ‘borderline’ was distinguished by high levels of borderline traits, depressed mood, and social anxiety. The smallest cluster, called ‘impulsive’ was well above the mean in impulsivity and callous traits but low on all other measures. Frequency of cannabis use was higher in the borderline and impulsive clusters than in the ordinary cluster. Multiple regression analyses suggested that the contributions of psychopathological variables to cannabis use varied across clusters.

► Cluster analysis yielded three clusters among 199 adolescent cannabis users.
► An ‘ordinary’ cluster was well below the mean on all measures.
► A ‘borderline’ cluster was high on borderline traits, depressed mood, and anxiety.
► An ‘impulsive’ cluster was well above the mean in impulsivity and callous traits.
► The contributions of variables to cannabis use varied across clusters.