Do parents or siblings engage in more negative weight-based talk with children and what does it sound like? A mixed-methods study

• Mixed methods studies examining familial negative weight-based talk are limited.
• Moms and older brothers had the highest prevalence of negative weight-based talk.
• Having a younger brother was associated with less negative weight-based talk.
• Mothers’ negative weight-based talk focused on child's weight and health concerns.
• Siblings’ negative weight-based talk focused on child's appearance and used teasing.

The current mixed-methods study examined the prevalence of negative weight-based talk across multiple family members (i.e., mother, father, older/younger brother, older/younger sister) and analyzed qualitative data to identify what negative weight-based talk sounds like in the home environment. Children (n = 60; ages 9–12) and their families from low income and minority households participated in the study. Children reported the highest prevalence of negative weight-based talk from siblings. Among specific family members, children reported a higher prevalence of negative weight-based talk from mothers and older brothers. In households with younger brothers, children reported less negative weight-based talk compared to other household compositions. Both quantitative and qualitative results indicated that mothers’ negative weight-based talk focused on concerns about child health, whereas fathers’ and siblings’ negative weight-based talk focused on child appearance and included teasing. Results suggest that interventions targeting familial negative weight-based talk may need to be tailored to specific family members.