کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
903762 916591 2013 17 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Pretrauma risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review of the literature
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم پزشکی و سلامت پزشکی و دندانپزشکی روانپزشکی و بهداشت روانی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Pretrauma risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review of the literature
چکیده انگلیسی


• PTSD research has overwhelmingly relied on retrospective accounts of trauma.
• Prospective, longitudinal studies allow for examination of pretrauma vulnerability.
• Pretrauma characteristics historically thought to be symptoms may predict PTSD.
• Coping and cognitive abilities, personality, health, and environment affect risk.
• Pretrauma predictor categories used to conceptualize variable risk for PTSD.

As it has become clear that most individuals exposed to trauma do not develop PTSD, it has become increasingly important to examine pretrauma risk factors. However, PTSD research has overwhelmingly relied on retrospective accounts of trauma, which is beleaguered by problems of recall bias. To further our understanding of PTSD's etiology, a systematic review of 54 prospective, longitudinal studies of PTSD published between 1991 and 2013 were examined. Inclusion criteria required that all individuals were assessed both before and after an index trauma. Results revealed six categories of pretrauma predictor variables: 1) cognitive abilities; 2) coping and response styles; 3) personality factors; 4) psychopathology; 5) psychophysiological factors; and 6) social ecological factors. The results indicated that many variables, previously considered outcomes of trauma, are pretrauma risk factors. The review considered these findings in the context of the extant retrospective PTSD literature in order to identify points of overlap and discrepancy. Pretrauma predictor categories were also used to conceptualize variable risk for PTSD. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review - Volume 33, Issue 6, August 2013, Pages 728–744
نویسندگان
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