Mélange équimolaire oxygène-protoxyde d'azote (MEOPA). Rappels théoriques et modalités pratiques d'utilisation

The concept of premixed 50% nitrous oxide and oxygen dated back to 1961 in England, where it is commercialised under the name Entonox®. In France, after a so marginal use, premixed 50% nitrous oxide and oxygen now knows such a revival since we first consider the pain provoked by the cure. To use correctly premixed 50% nitrous oxide and oxygen, we need to know the main properties of the nitrous oxide. The four commercial versions, now on the market, are presented (Kalinox®, Medimix®, Antasol®, Oxynox®). Except a few contraindications, these indications are large, as well at hospital as outside. In less than 10% of the cases, side effects are possible. Conditions of administration are given in details. The limits of the technic and the particular precautions of use are precised.