کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
926352 1474132 2015 5 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Laws of cognition and the cognition of law
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
قوانین شناخت و شناخت قانون
کلمات کلیدی
داستان گفتن مدل، شناخت انگیز، تصمیم گیری قانونی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب شناختی
چکیده انگلیسی


• Legal adjudication admits of focused experimental study that retains external validity.
• Such studies identify dynamics that alter the direction of without subverting Bayesian reasoning.
• Whether professional judgment shields judges from such dynamics remains inadequately explored.

This paper presents a compact synthesis of the study of cognition in legal decisionmaking. Featured dynamics include the story-telling model (Pennington & Hastie, 1986), lay prototypes (Smith, 1991), motivated cognition (Sood, 2012), and coherence-based reasoning (Simon, Pham, Le, & Holyoak, 2001). Unlike biases and heuristics understood to bound or constrain rationality, these dynamics identify how information shapes a variety of cognitive inputs—from prior beliefs to perceptions of events to the probative weight assigned new information—that rational decisionmaking presupposes. The operation of these mechanisms can be shown to radically alter the significance that jurors give to evidence, and hence the conclusions they reach, within a Bayesian framework of information processing. How these dynamics interact with the professional judgment of lawyers and judges, the paper notes, remains in need of investigation.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Cognition - Volume 135, February 2015, Pages 56–60
نویسندگان
,