Viral meningitis and encephalitis

A wide range of viruses can cause meningitis; most cases are caused by enteroviruses (70-90%), genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) or mumps. The typical syndrome of viral meningitis comprises acute onset of fever, headache and accompanying signs of meningeal irritation (photophobia, neck stiffness, Kernig's sign and jolt accentuation of headache). The outlook for most patients with viral meningitis is excellent. Treatment is supportive, and includes provision of adequate analgesia.