Complex regional pain syndrome

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a disabling chronic pain condition of unknown aetiology. Traditionally it has been thought to be a rare complication following trauma; however prospective studies demonstrate it to be a common disabling complication of both trauma and operative procedures involving the upper and lower limbs. The condition is usually self-limiting, causing significant disability for up to a year. Unfortunately in a minority of patients CRPS does not resolve, causing life-long misery. Modern research is aimed at understanding the interactions of processes occurring locally at the site of injury with changes observed in the peripheral and central nervous systems, as well as future preventative measures and treatments. A bewildering array of proposed treatment modalities, both tested and experimental, have been proposed. Despite differences between researchers and the specialities involved in the management of CRPS, early recognition with sympathetic yet aggressive treatment is agreed to be vital to expedite optimal outcome.