Estimate of M-wave changes in human biceps brachii during continuous stimulation

The purpose of the present study was to validate the capability of new fatigue indexes (in the time and frequency domain) applied to experimental recordings and thus, to test some assumptions made in previous simulations. The indexes were applied to M-waves detected non-invasively from human m.biceps brachii during repetitive slightly above threshold stimulations. It was found that distance between the motor point and middle of the end-plate region could be relatively large. Under identical conditions (signals detected by monopolar electrodes and high-pass filtered at 1 Hz), the relative changes of the indexes obtained in electrophysiological experiments and simulations were similar. Changes of the intracellular action potential profile during fatigue used in the simulations were consequently supposed to be close to the actual ones for the muscle analyzed. When the high-pass cut-off frequency was higher than 1 Hz, the sensitivity of the index in the time domain was higher, while that in the frequency domain was lower. If the normalizing spectral moment was of higher order, the sensitivity of the spectral index could be even 150-times greater than that of the fatigue indexes traditionally used. Thus, the spectral index promises high capability to assess fatigue during functional electrical stimulation.