Th1, Th2, and Th3 cytokine alterations in major depression

The Th1 and Th2 cytokine imbalance was observed in subpopulation of depressed patients. TGF-β1 seemed to play a role in the pathophysiology of depression in this population. Moreover, antidepressant treatment was found to affect the Th1/Th2 balance through the action of TGF-β1.