Reduced tumor vessel density and high expression of glucose transporter 1 suggest tumor hypoxia of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus surviving after radiotherapy

Reduced vessel density and increased GLUT1 expression suggested tumor hypoxia for ESCC occurred after radiotherapy. Tumor hypoxia would induce ulcerative and invasive growth, which is a great obstacle to clinical treatment of residual or relapse ESCC after radiotherapy.