Role for the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase PKR in Ad-TNF-α gene therapy in esophageal cancer

These results suggest that Ad-TNF-α-mediated apoptosis in esophageal cancer cell lines is dependent in part on PKR upregulation. Strategies to enhance PKR upregulation may allow increased Ad-TNF-α antitumoral activity in the treatment of esophageal cancer.