Surface transfer doping of diamond by fullerene

Here, we report on fullerenes (C60) and fluorinated fullerenes (C60F48) as alternative adsorbate systems. They induce surface conductivity on a level comparable (C60) or even higher (C60F48) than that observed under atmospheric conditions. Whereas in the case of C60 efficient doping requires the formation of the van-der Waals solid on top of the surface of diamond, C60F48 acts as surface acceptor even as isolated molecule. In both cases, the doping efficiency can be modeled by considering the electrochemical equilibrium between the diamond and the adsorbate layer.