Preventing agglomeration and growth of ice particles in water with suitable additives

The present paper reviews the technologies on preventing the agglomeration and the growth of ice particles in water with a very small amount of suitable additives. This summarizes studies on the effects of anti-agglomeration of ice particles and suppression of ice growth by using anti-freeze protein and its substitutes or some kinds of surfactants, and on their applications to ice slurry making systems, and to the coupling technology with surfactant drag reduction of ice slurries. These anti-agglomeration additives are found to well disperse ice particles in water at a very low concentration without a serious depression of the equilibrium freezing temperature. This is concluded to improve the ability of ice slurries as a secondary refrigerant.