Effect of restart at signals on traffic flow through a series of signals

• We studied the effect of restart at signals on the traffic flow controlled by a series of signals.
• We presented the difference equation for describing the traffic flow of the NS model with signals.
• We derived the dependence of fundamental diagram on the restart effect and signal’s characteristic.

We study the effect of restart at signals on the vehicular traffic controlled by a series of signals. The Nagel–Schreckenberg model (NS model) and Fukui–Ishibashi model (FI model) are applied to the vehicular motion. In the FI model, the step-by-step acceleration is not taken into account but the acceleration effect is included in the NS model. It is shown that the difference between both models results in the restart effect at signals. The extended version of the NS model with signals is formulated by the difference equation. The restart at signals has an effective effect on the traffic flow. The fundamental diagram changes highly by the restart effect. The dependences of mean speed on the cycle time are shown.