Fluidic adaptive zoom lens with high zoom ratio and widely tunable field of view

Zoom lenses consisting of two widely tunable fluidic lenses were fabricated. A theoretical model for zoom lens without changing relative lens location was also presented. Without varying the lens spacing, a zoom ratio higher than 4.0 was demonstrated. Unlike conventional zoom lenses having either a telephoto (concave-convex) or a reverse-telephoto (convex-concave) structure, the fluidic adaptive zoom lens incorporates both configurations into one system, leading to unique functionalities such as a tunable field of view from 6° to 74°.