Formation of super-hydrophilic surface of hydroxyapatite by ion implantation and plasma treatment

Hydrophilic HAp surfaces were formed by N2+, O2+ and Ar+ implantations and plasma treatments of Ar, C2H5OH and CH3OH, with contact angles from 10° to 60°. Only the CF4 plasma treatment can form super-hydrophilic surfaces with contact angles of 4-8°. The hydrophilic and super-hydrophilic formation mechanism was discussed based on analysis of XPS data.