Urban planning and industry in Spain: A novel methodology for calculating industrial carbon footprints

• Model to calculate industrial carbon footprint in urban planning stage is proposed.
• Specific industrial activities planned have a strong effect on carbon footprint.
• Gas and electricity are the most relevant sources for the most pollutant industries.
• Transport is relevant source for the less pollutant industries.
• Municipalities can decisively influence on industrial carbon footprint.

In this paper we present a methodology for calculating the carbon footprint of the industrial sector during the urban planning stage in order to clearly develop and implement preventive measures. The methodology created focuses on industrial urban planning procedures and takes into account urban infrastructure in the characterization of GHG emissions. It allows for the implementation of preventive measures based on sustainability design criteria. The methodology was derived for specific industrial activity categories and was tested on a group of municipalities in a province south of Madrid, Spain. The results indicate that the average carbon footprint of industrial activities varies between 137.36 kgCO2eq/m2e and 607.25 kgCO2eq/m2e depending on the activity. Gas and electricity are the most important emissions sources for the most polluting industrial activities (chemical and nonmetal mineral products), while transportation is the most important source for every other activity. Municipalities can have a decisive influence on the industrial carbon footprint because, except for waste management and two industrial activities related to electricity, the majority of reductions can be achieved through urban planning decision variables.