Plant mRNA decay: extended roles and potential determinants

The decay of mRNA in plants is tightly controlled and shapes the transcriptome. The roles of this process are to digest RNA as well as to suppress exogenous and endogenous gene silencing by preventing siRNA generation. Recent evidence suggests that mRNA decay also regulates the accumulation of the putative 3′ fragment-derived long non-coding RNAs (3′lncRNAs). The generation of siRNA or 3′lncRNA from a selective subset of mRNAs raises a fundamental question of how the mRNA decay machineries select and determine their substrate transcripts for distinctive decay destiny. Evidence for potential mRNA decay determinants, such as codon bias, GC content and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, is rapidly emerging. This paper aims to review the recent discoveries in plant mRNA decay.