کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10110690 | 1619991 | 2005 | 17 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Fine particle number and mass concentration measurements in urban Indian households
دانلود مقاله + سفارش ترجمه
دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی
رایگان برای ایرانیان
کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
Fine particle number concentration (Dp>10 nm, cmâ3), mass concentrations (approximation of PM2.5, μg mâ3) and indoor/outdoor number concentration ratio (I/O) measurements have been conducted for the first time in 11 urban households in India, 2002. The results indicate remarkable high indoor number and mass concentrations and I/O number concentration ratios caused by cooking. Besides cooking stoves that used liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or kerosene as the main fuel, high indoor concentrations can be explained by poor ventilation systems. Particle number concentrations of more than 300,000 cmâ3 and mass concentrations of more than 1000 μg mâ3 were detected in some cases. When the number and mass concentrations during cooking times were statistically compared, a correlation coefficient r>0.50 was observed in 63% of the households. Some households used other fuels like wood and dung cakes along with the main fuel, but also other living activities influenced the concentrations. In some areas, outdoor combustion processes had a negative impact on indoor air quality. The maximum concentrations observed in most cases were due to indoor combustion sources. Reduction of exposure risk and health effects caused by poor indoor air in urban Indian households is possible by improving indoor ventilation and reducing penetration of outdoor particles.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 347, Issues 1â3, 15 July 2005, Pages 131-147
Journal: Science of The Total Environment - Volume 347, Issues 1â3, 15 July 2005, Pages 131-147
نویسندگان
P. Mönkkönen, P. Pai, A. Maynard, K.E.J. Lehtinen, K. Hämeri, P. Rechkemmer, G. Ramachandran, B. Prasad, M. Kulmala,