Suppression of wear-particle-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in macrophages via NF-κB decoy oligodeoxynucleotide: A preliminary report

Graphical outline of targeting NF-κB signaling via decoy ODN. Upper panel, wear particles are recognized by macrophage surface receptors such as toll-like receptors, and activate NF-κB signaling. The downstream of activated NF-κB turn on the expression of multiple cytokines and chemokines, blocking individual one may fail to mitigate the osteolysis response due to the compensation roles of other cytokines. Lower panel, wear particles induced NF-κB activation is blocked by decoy ODN. The downstream cytokines and chemokines are inhibited; consequently mitigate the particle induced osteolysis.