Adaptive bolus-based targeted glucose regulation of hyperglycaemia in critical care

A two-compartment glucose-insulin system model that accounts for time-varying insulin sensitivity and endogenous glucose removal, along with two different saturation kinetics, is developed and tested in preliminary proof-of-concept clinical trials for adaptive control of blood glucose levels. The adaptive control algorithm developed in this research monitors the physiological status of a critically ill patient, allowing real-time, tight glycaemic regulation. The bolus-based insulin administration provides a safe approach to glucose level management. The ability to track changing physiological status and account for insulin transport and effect saturation enabled targeted stepwise reduction in glycaemic levels in three test cases.