کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
10453068 919456 2013 8 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Influences of credibility of testimony and strength of statistical evidence on children's and adolescents' reasoning
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تأثیر اعتبار شهادت و قدرت شواهد آماری در استدلال کودکان و نوجوانان
کلمات کلیدی
توسعه شناختی، رویکردهای دو مرحله ای، اهریمنی، استدلال آماری، پردازش اطلاعات، تصمیم سازی،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم انسانی و اجتماعی روانشناسی روانشناسی رشد و آموزشی
چکیده انگلیسی
According to dual-process models that include analytic and heuristic modes of processing, analytic processing is often expected to become more common with development. Consistent with this view, on reasoning problems, adolescents are more likely than children to select alternatives that are backed by statistical evidence. It is shown here that this pattern depends on the quality of the statistical evidence and the quality of the testimonial that is the typical alternative to statistical evidence. In Experiment 1, 9- and 13-year-olds (N = 64) were presented with scenarios in which solid statistical evidence was contrasted with casual or expert testimonial evidence. When testimony was casual, children relied on it but adolescents did not; when testimony was expert, both children and adolescents relied on it. In Experiment 2, 9- and 13-year-olds (N = 83) were presented with scenarios in which casual testimonial evidence was contrasted with weak or strong statistical evidence. When statistical evidence was weak, children and adolescents relied on both testimonial and statistical evidence; when statistical evidence was strong, most children and adolescents relied on it. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for dual-process accounts of cognitive development.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology - Volume 116, Issue 3, November 2013, Pages 747-754
نویسندگان
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