Meaningful physical changes mediate lexical-semantic integration: Top-down and form-based bottom-up information sources interact in the N400

► Tested the role of bottom-up factors in lexical-semantic integration. ► A concurrent font change to uppercase significantly reduced the implausibility N400. ► No such modulation occurred for a change from upper- to lowercase. ► Potentially meaningful bottom-up cues (capitalisation for emphasis) modulate the N400. ► Present a new model of the N400 integrating top-down and bottom-up word expectations.