DNA analysis in charred grains of naked wheat from several archaeological sites in Spain

► DNA was extracted in 126 archaeological seeds of Triticum aestivum/durum. ► Glutenin subunits x and y were amplified to infer the ploidy level of the seeds. ► Specific amplification of the Glutenin gene was achieved in one charred seed. ► Amplified fragment matched T. aestivum D genome. ► DNA extraction protocol used is suitable for the analysis of ancient charred seeds.