کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
1050194 1484660 2009 8 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The cooling efficiency of urban landscape strategies in a hot dry climate
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک بوم شناسی، تکامل، رفتار و سامانه شناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
The cooling efficiency of urban landscape strategies in a hot dry climate
چکیده انگلیسی

This paper describes a climatic analysis of landscape strategies for outdoor cooling in a hot-arid region, considering the efficiency of water use. Six landscape strategies were studied, using different combinations of trees, lawn, and an overhead shade mesh. The effects of these treatments were tested during the summer season in two semi-enclosed courtyards located at an urban settlement in the arid Negev Highlands of southern Israel. Compared to a non-vegetated exposed courtyard, which on average reached a maximum air temperature of 34 °C in mid-afternoon, a similar courtyard treated with shade trees and grass yielded a daytime temperature depression of up to 2.5 K, while shading the courtyard with a fabric shading mesh, counter-intuitively, caused a relative increase of nearly 1 K. Unshaded grass was found to cause only a small air temperature depression and had the highest water requirement. However when the grass was shaded, either by the trees or by the shade mesh, a synergic effect produced greater cooling as well as a reduction of more than 50% in total water use. The “cooling efficiency” of these strategies was calculated as the ratio between the sensible heat removed from the space and the latent heat of evaporation, with the latter representing the amount of water required for landscape irrigation. This measure is proposed as a criterion for evaluating landscape strategies in arid regions, where water resources are scarce.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Landscape and Urban Planning - Volume 92, Issues 3–4, 30 September 2009, Pages 179–186
نویسندگان
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