Inhalation of particulate matter in three different routes for the same OD pair: A case study with pedestrians in the city of Lisbon

Results show that the main route (the shortest), with the highest traffic volume, corresponds to the highest level of PM10 inhalation. Nevertheless, for the PM2.5, the results did not always suggest that the main route is the worst option despite the average PM concentration measured being undoubtedly higher in this route. This states not only the non-representativeness of the average value of PM concentration but also the importance of the pedestrian effort (traduced by ventilation rates), in a combined manner, using second-by-second data.