Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Substance Use Among Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and Perinatally Exposed but Uninfected Youth

Although SU lifetime prevalence and risk factors for PHIV+ and PHEU adolescents were similar to national norms, the negative consequences are potentially greater for PHIV+ youth. Prevention efforts should begin before SU initiation and address the family and social environment and youth mental health status.