Proteomics for identifying mechanisms and biomarkers of drug resistance in cancer

► We review the recent advancements on proteomic investigation of chemoresistance in human cancer. ► We emphasize putative biomarkers for predicting chemotherapeutic response identified by proteomics. ► We also emphasize possible mechanisms of chemoresistance identified by proteomics. ► We include discussion on the current problems and forward looking suggestions in this field.