Cardiac repair using chitosan-hyaluronan/silk fibroin patches in a rat heart model with myocardial infarction

The cardiac repair of myocardial infarction (MI) hearts of rats using chitosan-hyaluronan/silk fibroin (chitosan-HYA/SF) cardiac patches was examined after eight weeks of implantation. Rats with implantations of chitosan-HYA/SF patches (CHS group) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the dilation of the inner diameter of left ventricle (LV) (4.27 ± 0.29 mm), increased wall thickness of LV (1.5 ± 0.13 mm) and improved the fractional shortening of LV of hearts (LVFS) (42.8 ± 2.4%) compared with those values of LVs of rats without implants (MI group) (e.g., 5.92 ± 0.39 mm, 1.2 ± 0.06 mm and 31.5 ± 1.4%, respectively). Moreover, blood vessel-like structures in MI regions of LVs in the CHS group were widely distributed while none was found in the MI group. The CHS group significantly improved the secretion of paracrine factors, such as VEGF in the MI regions of LVs (P < 0.05, n = 4), relative to that in the MI group. In conclusion, chitosan-HYA/SF cardiac patches are promising biomaterials for the cardiac repair of MI rat hearts.