Pay to drive in my bus lane: A stated choice analysis for the proposed Lincoln Tunnel HOT lane into Manhattan

This paper presents the findings from a stated choice (SC) analysis conducted in the context of proposed changes to the lane system in use for the Lincoln Tunnel crossing into Manhattan. Currently, the approach road (NJ 495) to the Lincoln Tunnel has six lanes, with three in each direction. During the weekday morning peak period, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) operates a 2.5 miles exclusive bus lane (XBL) for traffic bound for Manhattan. The PANYNJ is considering creating, from existing lanes, a second XBL with the option for passenger vehicles to use it in return for an additional toll, in effect turning it into a high occupancy toll (HOT) lane. Such an approach to increase capacity and reduce congestion is unique nationally and this study looks at drivers' choices between using standard lanes, paying extra to drive on a HOT lane (the new XBL lane), switch to earlier or later departure times, or change their mode of travel. The analysis shows significant differences in the valuation of travel time savings between different population groups and also different departure time periods. The models also reveal a reluctance to change to other crossings, accept changes in departure time or switch to alternative modes.

Research highlights
► Novel idea of charging car users for using bus lanes.
► Stated choice analysis of demand for using such HOT lanes.
► Analysis shows significant variation in valuations across population groups.