The potential for avoided emissions from photovoltaic electricity in the United States

▸ Avoided emission potential of CO2, SO2 and NOx (assuming a 10% PV) varies significantly across ten selected U.S. states. ▸ There are three important state-specific factors affecting the variation. ▸ Sensitivity analysis quantifies the relationship between the avoided emission and the three factors. ▸ The avoided emissions are not constrained by the power plant ramp rate limitations. ▸ But the minimum capacity requirement was significantly affected the avoided emission estimates.