کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10694319 | 1020037 | 2014 | 9 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Where does the heliospheric modulation of galactic cosmic rays start?
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
کجا مولکول هلیوسفر از اشعه کیهانی کهکشانی آغاز می شود؟
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موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
علوم زمین و سیارات
علوم فضا و نجوم
چکیده انگلیسی
The long outstanding question of where the heliospheric (solar) modulation of galactic cosmic rays actually begins, in terms of spatial position, as well as at what high kinetic energy, can now be answered. Both answers are possible by using the results of an advanced numerical model, together with appropriate observations. Voyager 1 has been exploring the outskirts of the heliosphere and is presently entering what can be called the very local interstellar medium. It has been generally expected, and accepted, that once the heliopause is crossed, the local interstellar spectrum (LIS) should be measured in situ by the Voyager spacecraft. However, we show that this may not be the case and that modulation effects on galactic cosmic rays can persist well beyond the heliopause. For example, proton observations at 100Â MeV close to the heliopause can be lower by â¼25% to 40% than the LIS, depending on solar modulation conditions. It is also illustrated quantitatively that significant solar modulation diminishes above â¼50Â GeV at Earth. It is found that cosmic ray observations above this energy contain less that 5% solar modulation effects and should therefore reflect the LIS for galactic cosmic rays. Input spectra, in other words the very LIS, for solar modulation models are now constrained by in situ observations and can therefore not any longer be treated arbitrarily. It is also possible for the first time to determine the lower limit of the very LIS from a few MeV/nuc to very high energies.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Advances in Space Research - Volume 53, Issue 7, 1 April 2014, Pages 1015-1023
Journal: Advances in Space Research - Volume 53, Issue 7, 1 April 2014, Pages 1015-1023
نویسندگان
R.D. Strauss, M.S. Potgieter,