Transcription elongation factors DSIF and NELF: Promoter-proximal pausing and beyond

► DSIF and NELF control transcription elongation at the promoter-proximal region. ► There are apparently conflicting data as to the specificity of their target genes. ► DSIF appears to exert positive and negative effects through its interacting partners. ► Transcription elongation factors form an intricate web of interactions.