The Cdc48 machine in endoplasmic reticulum associated protein degradation

►Cdc48 is a type II AAA-type ATPase with two ATP binding domains. ►From the many cellular functions of Cdc48 its involvement in ERAD is understood best. ►Cdc48 function is driven by several substrate recruiting and substrate processing co-factors. ►Cdc48 is a molecular motor with ratcheting and segregase activity.