Modularity and functional plasticity of scaffold proteins as p(l)acemakers in cell signaling

► Scaffold proteins control signalling specificity, integration and crosstalk. ► They tether multiple signalling components at specific locales. ► They control protein complex assembly and activities via modular protein domains. ► Multiple scaffold proteins can form alliances for higher-order regulatory networks. ► Dynamics of scaffold proteins are regulated by biochemical and physical stimuli.