Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) induces mechanical hyperalgesia via spinal activation of MAP kinases and PI3K in mice

►G-CSF induces pain in an opioid sensitive manner ►G-CSF-induced pain depends on activation of spinal MAP kinases and PI3K ►Combined treatment with ERK, JNK, p38 and PI3K inhibitors allow reduction of doses.