Effects of anabolic androgenic steroids and social subjugation on behavior and neurochemistry in male rats

►AAS males displayed significantly more aggression towards females. ►Olfactory cues from bedding are not sufficient to increase aggression in SS, AAS or SS + AAS males. ►AAS significantly increased brainstem DOPAC and NE. SS decreased 5HIAA, DA, DOPAC, and NE in brainstem.