ETV6: A versatile player in leukemogenesis

Alterations of the ets family transcription factor ETV6 (TEL) and the RUNT domain transcription factor RUNX1 (AML1) play pivotal roles in the leukemogenesis of various types of leukemia. While only three fusion partners of RUNX1 namely ETO, ETV6 and MTG16 have been described so far, there is a plethora of ETV6 fusion partners with about 20 partners described so far. Apart from forming fusion genes there are other genetic alterations of ETV6 including deletions, point mutations and possible alterations at the promoter level that might contribute to the malignant phenotype. This review will focus on ETV6 and on the different mechanisms that are used by this gene to cause leukemia.