Neuronal oxidative stress in acute ischemic stroke: Sources and contribution to cell injury

► Substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species are generated in ischemic stroke. ► Oxidative stress occurs mainly at the time of reperfusion. ► Endogenous antioxidants cannot neutralise the toxic load of oxygen radicals. ► All components of the neurovascular unit are sources and targets of oxidative stress. ► Therapeutic strategies involve prevention or neutralisation of oxidative stress.