کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
10971031 1104291 2011 7 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Do brood sex ratio, nestling development and sex affect fledging timing and order? An experimental study on great tits
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک علوم دامی و جانورشناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Do brood sex ratio, nestling development and sex affect fledging timing and order? An experimental study on great tits
چکیده انگلیسی
The process of nest leaving (fledging) in hole-breeding passerines is largely unexplored, although it is potentially an important facet of reproduction. We used the great tit, Parus major, to investigate whether fledging timing and order were affected by nestling development and sex, as well as the sex ratio in the brood the nestlings were raised in. Because of the difference in size and competitiveness between male and female nestlings, we expected to find an effect of sex and brood sex ratio (BSR) on the process of fledging. To explore its effect on fledging experimentally, we manipulated BSR by swapping 6-day-old nestlings of both sexes. We implanted transponders in all 14-day-old nestlings to determine timing and order of fledging. The brood age at fledging was best explained by average wing length of the brood (negative), average body mass of the brood (positive) and hatching date (negative). In contrast to our hypothesis, BSR did not affect fledging time. Also, the asynchrony of fledging within broods did not depend on BSR. Within broods, fledging order was not affected by sex or by the interaction between sex and BSR. Nestlings with long wings on day 14 fledged earlier than nestmates with shorter wings. Although females were lighter at day 14, they had similar length wings as their male nestmates. Nestlings should keep up with their nestmates during development, because developmental status relative to nestmates, rather than sex-specific competition, influenced the process of fledging.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Animal Behaviour - Volume 81, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 69-75
نویسندگان
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