Effect of hot air drying on volatile compounds of Flammulina velutipes detected by HS-SPME–GC–MS and electronic nose

• Comprehensive flavor profiles of F. velutipes was evaluated using electronic nose.
• Volatile compounds of F. velutipes were identified using HS-SPME–GC–MS.
• Ketones, aldehydes and alcohols were main flavor components in fresh F. velutipes.
• Hot air drying process could significantly decrease the relative content of ketones.
• Drying promoted the production of alcohols, acids and esters for dried F. velutipes.

Volatile compounds are important factors that affect the flavor quality of Flammulina velutipes, but the changes occurring during hot air drying is still unclear. To clarify the dynamic changes of flavor components during hot air drying, comprehensive flavor characterization and volatile compounds of F. velutipes were evaluated using electronic nose technology and headspace solid phase micro-extraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME–GC–MS), respectively. Results showed that volatile components in F. velutipes significantly changed during hot air drying according to the principal component analysis and radar fingerprint chart of electronic nose. Volatile compounds of fresh F. velutipes consisted mainly of ketones, aldehydes and alcohols, and 3-octanone was the dominant compound. Drying process could significantly decrease the relative content of ketones and promoted the generation of alcohols, acids, and esters, which became the main volatile compounds of dried F. velutipes. These may provide a theoretical basis for the formation mechanism of flavor substances in dried F. velutipes.