Modified-atmosphere packaging (MAP) does not affect the bioavailability of tocopherols and carotenoids from broccoli in humans: A cross-over study

Aim of the studyReady-to-eat and pre-packed vegetables are increasingly accepted by consumers but little is known about the effect of these technological approaches on the bioavailability of the nutrients. To assess the effect of modified-atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the bioavailability in humans of carotenoids and tocopherols from broccoli.ResultsSerum lutein increased significantly upon broccoli intake but those of β-carotene, α- and γ-tocopherol did not reach statistical significance. Serum changes were observed regardless of the type of broccoli consumed.ConclusionsModified-atmosphere packaging does not affect significantly the in vivo bioavailability of carotenoids and tocopherols from broccoli, supporting its convenience for use by the food industry and consumers.