Simultaneous quantification of carteolol and dorzolamide in rabbit aqueous humor and ciliary body by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry

A rapid, sensitive and selective method for the simultaneous quantification of carteolol and dorzolamide in rabbit aqueous humor (AH) and ciliary body (CB) has been developed and validated using reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with isocratic elution coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (APCI-MS/MS). The analytes and nadolol (used as internal standard, IS) were purified from AH by protein precipitation. The sample preparation from CB was based on a two steps extraction procedure at different pH, utilizing a liquid–liquid extraction with a mixture of ethyl acetate, toluene and isopropanol 50:40:10 (v/v) at pH 8, followed by a second extraction with ethyl acetate at pH 11. The combined organic extracts were then back extracted into 0.1% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The accuracy and precision values, calculated from three different sets of quality control samples analyzed in sestuplicate on three different days, were within the generally accepted criteria for analytical methods (<15%). The assay proved to be accurate and precise when applied to the in vivo study of carteolol and dorzolamide in rabbit AH and CB after single administration of an eye drops containing both drugs.